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Dear Readers, Welcome to the latest issue of The Magazine
Researchers, including those from the Government of Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh, have conducted one of the largest analysis of COVID-19 epidemiology to date, and have discovered that both cases and deaths due to the disease are more heavily concentrated in the 40-69 year age group in India than is seen in high-income nations, among other trends.
The analysis, published in the journal Science on Wednesday, assessed the disease transmission patterns in 5,75,071 individuals exposed to 84,965 confirmed instances of COVID-19 in both states based on data gathered by tens of thousands of contact tracers.
According to the scientists, such as Ramanan Laxminarayan from the Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics, and Policy at New Delhi, the findings offer a glimpse to the pandemic’s trajectory in a low- and middle-income country, where many COVID-19 cases have occurred.
Based on the data, the scientists said cases and deaths from the two Indian states were concentrated in younger cohorts than expected from observations in higher-income nations.
The study noted that connections with the same age were correlated with the greatest disease threat — a routine, which the researchers said, was strongest among children between 0-14 years of age, and among adults older than 65 years.
They stated the ratio of deaths to the amount of infected people, known as the case-fatality ratio (CFR), spanned 0.05 percent at ages 5-17 years to 16.6 percent at ages exceeding 85.
The researchers also noted that COVID-19 patients in the two countries have a median stay of five days in the hospital before death in comparison to 13 days to departure from the date of hospital admission in the usa.
Follow-up testing of exposed contacts revealed that 70 percent of infected individuals didn’t infect any of the contacts, while 8 percent of coronavirus positive patients accounted for 60 percent of observed new infections.
The researchers said this finding presents the largest empirical demonstration of superspreading.
They said the findings”may indicate the identification of less-severe infections through active case-finding.”
Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu are one of the Indian states with the largest health care workforce and public health expenditures per capita, and are known for their effective primary healthcare delivery models, the study noted.
About 45 percent of those who died were diabetic, the scientists stated.
Unlike observations in high-income nations, they said the deaths in India are concentrated at ages 50-64 decades.
In both Indian states in particular, they said only 17.9 percent of COVID-19 deaths occurring on or before 1 August, 2020 were among people older than 75, compared with 58.1 percent of deaths due to this disease in the US.
“This analysis was made possible by the substantial contact tracing effort in Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, which involved tens of thousands of health care workers,” Laxminarayan stated.
“The results on disease transmission and mortality have the potential to inform policy to resist COVID-19. The study also speaks to the potential for research emerging from India to help notify the worldwide response to COVID-19,” he added.
