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Dear Readers, Welcome to the latest issue of Micr
There is one fact about life on Earth we cannot escape: each and every biological organism, no matter the size and complexity, is run by microscopic biological machines. In the case of larger, more complex organisms, those machines are called mitochondria–the powerhouses of the cell. But what about bacteria, the highly diverse ancient prokaryotes? Do they have mitochondria, too?
Prokaryotic cells, the simplest forms of cellular life, comprise Archaea and Bacteria and represent the first life forms and Archaea/Bacteria represent the first life forms on the cellular level membrane, proton pumps, and end-membrane structures that contain multiple organelles. At the cellular level, mitochondria. Prokaryotic cells, the simplest forms of cellular life, comprise Archaea and Bacteria and represent the first life forms and Archaea/Bacteria represent the first life forms. Extreme boiling hot springs and deep sea vent functioning.
Noting the ability to capture, Prokaryotic organisms cannot function without cellular respiration. The membrane itself functions as a mitochondrion, Energy translating cellular processes take place within the membranes encompassed structures. Consequently, the cellular membrane.
1.5 to 2 billion years ago, a bacterium and a eukaryotic cell formed a symbiotic relation. Thanks to endosymbiotic theory, we think that eukaryotic cells were once the ancestors of modern eukaryotic cells, and instead of absorbing the cell, the bacterium established a symbiotic relationship, which after millions of years evolved into modern-day mitochondria.
They are needed to control the metabolism and can control programmed cell death (apoptosis).
Mitochondria also present a historical fact about themselves, as they carry a piece of DNA. In all cells, there are hundreds to thousands of mitochondria, and they all help power our muscles, organs and brains.
Although there are no prokaryotic cells that have true mitochondria, there are some that have structures that offer similar functions. For instance:
Alpha-proteobacteria are the nearest relatives to the bacterium that formed the symbiotic relation with eukaryotic cells. They perform similar functions to mitochondria. Some bacteria have membranes that can increase the production of energy.
These features do not have the same amount of complexity as mitochondria, but they represent structures of some functions that mitochondria have.
The question “Do prokaryotes have mitochondria?” increases our understanding of bio history. Prokaryotes survived without mitochondria “but also spawned them” (Rocca K. 98) Complex lives forms such as humans emerged only because of that archaic collaboration between two microscopic organisms. So the next time you think of mitochondria as the powerhouses that enable every one of your movement, remember that the exercise also initiated billions of years ago with simple bacteria.
